World Atlas: Bosnia and Herzegovina. On this page you can see the map, country flag and many detailed information about the people, history and economy of Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Here you can find online selected information about the geography, inhabitants, government, economy and history of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Included are selected statistics, an overview map and the detailed map of Bosnia and Herzegovina. But let's start with the flag of Bosnia and Herzegovina here:
Bosnia and Herzegovina - Overview:
What you should know about Bosnia and Herzegovina? Let's start with this: Bosnia and Herzegovina declared sovereignty in October 1991 and independence from the former Yugoslavia on 3 March 1992 after a referendum boycotted by ethnic Serbs. The Bosnian Serbs - supported by neighboring Serbia and Montenegro - responded with armed resistance aimed at partitioning the republic along ethnic lines and joining Serb-held areas to form a "Greater Serbia." In March 1994, Bosniaks and Croats reduced the number of warring factions from three to two by signing an agreement creating a joint Bosniak-Croat Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina. On 21 November 1995, in Dayton, Ohio, the warring parties initialed a peace agreement that ended three years of interethnic civil strife (the final agreement was signed in Paris on 14 December 1995). The Dayton Peace Accords retained Bosnia and Herzegovina's international boundaries and created a multiethnic and democratic government charged with conducting foreign, diplomatic, and fiscal policy. Also recognized was a second tier of government composed of two entities roughly equal in size: the predominantly Bosniak-Bosnian Croat Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina and the predominantly Bosnian Serb-led Republika Srpska (RS). The Federation and RS governments are responsible for overseeing most government functions. Additionally, the Dayton Accords established the Office of the High Representative to oversee the implementation of the civilian aspects of the agreement. The Peace Implementation Council at its conference in Bonn in 1997 also gave the High Representative the authority to impose legislation and remove officials, the so-called "Bonn Powers." An original NATO-led international peacekeeping force (IFOR) of 60,000 troops assembled in 1995 was succeeded over time by a smaller, NATO-led Stabilization Force (SFOR). In 2004, European Union peacekeeping troops (Eufor) replaced SFOR. Currently, Eufor deploys around 600 troops in theater in a security assistance and training capacity.
Geography of Bosnia and Herzegovina
Where on the globe is Bosnia and Herzegovina? The location of this country is Southeastern Europe, bordering the Adriatic Sea and Croatia. Total area of Bosnia and Herzegovina is 51,197 sq km, of which 51,187 sq km is land. So this is not a large country. How could we describe the terrain of the country? This way: mountains and valleys. The lowest point of Bosnia and Herzegovina is Adriatic Sea 0 m, the highest point Maglic 2,386 m. And the climate is hot summers and cold winters; areas of high elevation have short, cool summers and long, severe winters; mild, rainy winters along coast.
Inhabitants of Bosnia and Herzegovina
Let's take a look how many people live in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The number is: 3,856,181 (July 2017 est.). So this is not very populous country. Who lives here? Bosniak 50.1%, Serb 30.8%, Croat 15.4%, other 2.7%, not declared/no answer 1%. What are the languages in Bosnia and Herzegovina? Bosnian (official) 52.9%, Serbian (official) 30.8%, Croatian (official) 14.6%, other 1.6%, no answer 0.2% (2013 est.). And the religions: Muslim 50.7%, Orthodox 30.7%, Roman Catholic 15.2%, atheist 0.8%, agnostic 0.3%, other 1.2%, undeclared/no answer 1.1% (2013 est.). How old are the people in average? 42.1 years. We have to add that this number is the median - so one half of the people is older than this, one half is younger. And what is their life expectancy (at birth)? This: 76.9 years. Where the people live in Bosnia and Herzegovina? Here: the northern and central areas of the country are the most densely populated. The major urban areas of Bosnia and Herzegovina are: Sarajevo (capital) 318,000 (2015).
Government and Economy of Bosnia and Herzegovina
The capital of Bosnia and Herzegovina is Sarajevo and the government type parliamentary republic. Let's take a look at the administrative divisions - 3 first-order administrative divisions - Brcko District (Brcko Distrikt) (ethnically mixed), the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina (Federacija Bosne i Hercegovine) (predominantly Bosniak-Croat), the Republic of Srpska (Republika Srpska) (predominantly Serb). Regarding the economy of Bosnia and Herzegovina, important industrial products are steel, coal, iron ore, lead, zinc, manganese, bauxite, aluminum, motor vehicle assembly, textiles, tobacco products, wooden furniture, ammunition, domestic appliances, oil refining. Important agricultural products are wheat, corn, fruits, vegetables; livestock. The most important export commodities are metals, clothing, wood products and the most important export partners are Germany 16.6%, Italy 12.7%, Croatia 11%, Serbia 9.2%, Slovenia 9.1%, Austria 8.2%, Turkey 4.5% (2016). The most important import commodities are machinery and equipment, chemicals, fuels, foodstuffs and the most important import partners are Germany 12.3%, Italy 11.7%, Serbia 11.2%, Croatia 9.9%, China 6.8%, Slovenia 5%, Russia 4.4%, Turkey 4.3% (2016). How rich is Bosnia and Herzegovina and how rich are people in this country? The most important number here is GDP per capita (PPP): $11,400 (2017 est.). This is quite good. Let's add that this means Gross Domestic Product per person, which is recalculated with respect to the relative cost of local goods and services. And one more important number - population below poverty line: 17.2% (2011 est.).